Botanical name - allium sativum
Family name - lilaceae
English name - garlic
Sanskrit name - lasunah, rasonah
Telgu name - vellulli , tellagadda
Tamil name - vellai puntu
Malayalam name - velluli
Kannada name – belluli
Lasuna is a cultivated plant that is distributed over temperate regions
The Sanskrit word Lasuna means the drug which is absorbed quickly into the body. It is considered to be one of the best medicine in Ayurveda due to which it is been termed as Maha aushadha.
The useful part of the plant is the bulb which is having a strong penetrating smell due to which Lasuna is also having the name Ugra Ganda. Due to its potent character, it is also known by the name arista. it got the nameBhutagna due to its power to destroy Evil organisms in and out of the body. it is considered to be a drug that is being mentioned in historical books. the historical account says that while Garuda was snatching away Amrita from Lord Indra ( king among the gods) a drop of it fell on the earth from which Lasuna has come into existence
Lasuna is a single-herb formulation prepared from the bulb extract of Lasuna (Allium saticum). Lasuna has antioxidant, fibrinolytic, antiatherosclerotic, and platelet aggregation-inhibiting activities and is recommended in the long-term management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Lasuna decreases the blood lipid level by suppressing lipogenic and cholesterogenic enzyme activities. Lasuna inhibits low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by making it significantly resistant to oxidation and thereby prevents atherosclerosis. Lasuna inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity, leading to thromboxane-A2 formation; suppressing mobilization of calcium into platelets; and increasing levels of messengers (cyclic adenosine monophosphate [CAMP] and cyclic guanosine monophosphate) within the platelets. S-allylcysteine present in Lasuna controls reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevents lipid peroxidation.
Pharmacological Actions
1. Lipid-normalizing activity
Lasuna extract decreases the blood lipid level by suppressing lipogenic and cholesterogenic enzyme activities. The LDL decreasing effect of Lasuna is due to its antioxidant compounds including vitamin C and germanium
In an in vivo study, Lasuna showed significant hypolipidemic activity by reducing levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in hyperlipidemic conditions.
Lasuna extract lowers blood cholesterol levels and improves blood lipid profiles to a significant extent. It is shown to have a beneficial effect on the blood lipid profile and antioxidant status by improving lipid and antioxidant metabolic indices in an in vivo study.
2. Antiatherosclerotic activity
Lasuna has been reported to exhibit beneficial effects in atherosclerosis and IHD in experimental in vivo studies. Lasuna was found to reduce the development of atherosclerotic lesions induced by an atherogenic diet by making the LDL significantly resistant to oxidation, which is one of the powerful mechanisms accounting for the benefits of Lasuna in atherosclerosis.
Also, another reason for the antiatherosclerotic activity of Lasuna is the changes it brings about in the portions of lipoprotein cholesterol fractions.
3. Platelet aggregation-inhibiting activity
Lasuna extract inhibits platelet aggregation by increasing the CAMP level through the inhibition of CAMP phosphodiesterase activity, which consequently leads to a reduction in calcium mobilization and thereby suppresses the binding of GPIIa/IIlb receptors to fibrinogen. In a study, Lasuna extract is shown to inhibit the binding between GPIIa/IIIb receptor and fibrinogen, which is in agreement with the anti aggregating property of Lasuna extract
4. Fibrinolytic activity
The fibrinolytic activity of Lasuna has been extensively studied in vivo. One study shows that the intake of A Lasuna in the regular diet could remove fibrin clots and reduce the incidence of CVD by increasing the level of fibrinolysis. Lasuna extract shows a significant and varying increase in the fibrinolytic activity of blood clots at different times
5. Antioxidant activity
The S-allylcysteine of Lasuna controls the ROS level and prevents lipid peroxidation and LDL oxidation adverse effects in endothelial cells. Lasuna can play its role by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, and biosynthesizing cholesterol,
Lasuna increases the plasma antioxidant capacity and oxidation resistance by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and decreasing the plasma malondialdehyde level, which is an important indicator of lipid peroxidation. Lasuna has been reported to modulate the lipid peroxidation level and enhance antioxidant status.
Indication
- Hyperlipidemia
- Ischemic conditions such as ischemic heart disease (IHD) and other vascular diseases
- Peripheral vascular disease
Due to the lack of safety data, the use of Lasuna during pregnancy and lactation is not recommended.
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